Uterine Fibroids: Symptoms and Causes

Understanding the most common non-cancerous growth in women of reproductive age

What Are Uterine Fibroids?

Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas or myomas, are non-cancerous growths that develop in or on the uterus. They are made up of muscle and fibrous tissue and can vary in size, from as small as a seed to as large as a melon.

Fibroids are incredibly common, especially in women between the ages of 30 and 50. Many women may have fibroids without knowing, as they can be asymptomatic. However, for others, fibroids can significantly impact daily life and fertility.

Read more about uterine fibroids on Mayo Clinic

Common Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids

While some fibroids cause no noticeable symptoms, others can lead to the following:

• Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding

• Pelvic pain or pressure

• Pain during intercourse

• Frequent urination or difficulty emptying the bladder

• Constipation or bloating

• Lower back pain

• Enlarged abdomen or abdominal swelling

• Fatigue due to anemia (from blood loss)

• Difficulty getting pregnant or recurrent miscarriage

At Clearview Hospital and Fertility, we encourage women who experience any of these symptoms to book a consultation for a proper diagnosis.

What Causes Uterine Fibroids?

The exact cause of fibroids is still unknown, but several factors may contribute to their development:

1. Hormonal Imbalance

Estrogen and progesterone—hormones that stimulate the uterine lining—are believed to promote the growth of fibroids. Fibroids often shrink after menopause when hormone levels decline.

2. Genetics

A woman is more likely to develop fibroids if her mother or sister had them. Specific gene changes have also been linked to fibroid growth.

3. Lifestyle and Diet

Obesity, a diet high in red meat, low in green vegetables, alcohol consumption, and vitamin D deficiency have all been associated with a higher risk of fibroids.

4. Age and Menstrual History

Women who start menstruating early (before age 10), or who are between 30 and 50 years old, are more likely to develop fibroids.

Explore fibroid causes in detail at Cleveland Clinic

Diagnosis and Treatment at Clearview Hospital

We use ultrasound, MRI, and other advanced imaging tools to accurately diagnose fibroids. Depending on the size, number, and symptoms, treatment options may include:

• Watchful waiting (for small, symptomless fibroids)

• Medication therapy

• Laparoscopic myomectomy – minimally invasive fibroid removal

• Hysteroscopic myomectomy – for fibroids inside the uterine cavity

• Fertility-focused surgery – preserving the uterus and reproductive health

When to See a Doctor

If you’re experiencing:

• Unusually heavy periods

• Ongoing pelvic pain

• Difficulty conceiving

• A growing abdominal mass

It’s time to get checked. At Clearview Hospital and Fertility, we offer comprehensive fibroid screening and personalized treatment plans.

Take Action Today

Fibroids are common, but they don’t have to control your life or your fertility journey.
Book a consultation today at Clearview Hospital and Fertility—where safe beginnings and stronger futures begin.

Learn more about ongoing research from the NIH
Visit WHO’s Women’s Health page